The testicles are a pair of organs located in the skin pouch and isolated from each other. It produces sperm and testosterone. In addition, it produces sperm. So the testicles are the reproductive organ of every man.
Each egg is covered with a shell and, as a rule, one is smaller than the other. Their slight asymmetry is not a pathology, but rather a common phenomenon.
They descend into the scrotum shortly before birth. Their shape resembles an ellipse with a length of up to 5 cm and a width of up to 3. 5 cm. The average weight of one testicle is from 15 to 25 g. It has been proven that their volume directly depends on the place of residence and race. The scrotum protects the testicles from injury and temperature extremes. Her skin is very sensitive, as well as the organ in general. Therefore, even a slight pain in the testicles affects the condition of the whole organism: slight nausea, nervousness, dizziness, etc.
There are times when the question suddenly arises as to why a man's balls hurt, the reasons for this symptom can be different. The pain can have a different character: pain, pulling, throbbing, shooting. And most often one cannot say what the reason is. Unpleasant and painful sensations should in no case be ignored.
You need to make an appointment urgently. The urologist is concerned with identifying the causes that cause certain types of pain. The doctor will examine and feel the testicles to determine whether there are inflammatory diseases: the presence of swelling, seals inside, signs of pain. If necessary, a full review will be done.
Symptoms that indicate problems in the testicles:
- the presence of seals or a small tumor;
- pain on palpation or change in shape and size;
- the presence of pain that is not caused by an injury;
- pain that lasts more than an hour after an injury to the testicles;
- the presence of pulling, increasing pain;
- elevated temperature.
Next, we will consider in more detail why a man's balls hurt - the reasons that cause pain.
Injury. When the cause of the pain is an injury received as a result of mechanical impact. Its duration and strength is directly dependent on the strength of the blow. A small bruise causes sharp, short-lasting pain.
Severe pain from a severe injury can cause shock or lead to loss of consciousness. If discomfort occurs in the testicles, pay attention to the type of pain. If it does not disappear for a long time and intensifies, then we can assume the presence of chronic trauma. Cuts and stab wounds are particularly dangerous. In this case, an ambulance is needed, otherwise there is a high probability of losing the testicle.
Twisting. It is still not clear why this happens, but the consequences of such a phenomenon are so serious that they can cause the death of the testicle. A sharp pain suddenly occurs when twisting.
Blood circulation stops and the vas deferens is compressed. In this case, you should immediately consult a doctor, no later than 7 hours. As a rule, manual detorsion is performed first. If this does not help, then surgical intervention is resorted to. Most often, this phenomenon manifests itself at a young age.
Inflammation. It can be both in the epididymis (epididymitis) and inside the testicle itself (orchitis). The cause of these diseases are viral and bacterial infections that are transmitted during sexual intercourse.
Epididymitis is characterized by pain on one side that increases, swelling of the scrotum appears, urination is accompanied by pain and burning, white fluid is released from the urethra, body temperature rises, there may be blood in the semen.
Causes of the disease: prostatitis and urethritis, infection of the urethra, complication of tuberculosis. It can be acute and chronic. The duration of the initial stage lasts up to a month and a half. The inability to conceive will result from complications and untreated.
With a prolonged illness for more than six months, we can talk about chronic epididymitis. It is accompanied by deterioration of general well-being, weakening of the immune system, and inflammation passes into the skin bag. In orchitis, there is an increase in the testicles, which causes pain. There is a sharp rise in temperature, pain in the groin and lower back.
The skin bag becomes smooth due to blood transfusion. The pain is aggravated by walking or exertion. Such a phenomenon can be the result of trauma or contact with a patient (mumps, typhoid, tripe).
Unsatisfied sexual arousal. It also causes pain. Prolonged erection leads to blood stagnation. Most often, it disappears on its own and does not require any treatment.
Hernia. Penetration of organs from the peritoneum into the skin bag through the holes formed in it. Visually, it looks like a bulge in the groin or scrotum. It causes pain, especially on palpation. When they increase, nausea and vomiting appear. It can be argued that there is a hernia violation. If surgery is not performed, necrosis with peritonitis may develop.
You can talk about prostatitis if you have the following symptoms:
- strong burning is felt during urination;
- increased attempts to urinate at night;
- constant desire and feeling of fullness of urine;
- the presence of pain during ejaculation;
- the tip of the penis is the source of pain.
Renal colic. When, as a result of urolithiasis, stones move along the urinary tract. The pain is so strong that it radiates to the scrotum. This often leads to nausea and vomiting.
Varicocele. In this disease, the veins of the skin bag expand, accompanied by the appearance of protrusions around the egg and its size increases. It does not pose a danger to a person's health and does not cause much concern during his life. But with complications it can lead to infertility. It is usually seen on the left (80-98%). This is due to the fact that veins from different countries flow in different ways.
Varicocele on both sides is observed only in 2-12% of cases, and on the right - 3-8%. The cause of this disease is the poor functioning of the valves located in the vessels. During hard work or sports, as well as in a standing position, this leads to an increase in the vessel. This is how the veins around the spermatic cord swell. Features of the anatomical location of the renal vein and superior artery can also cause such a disease.
Dropsy. Serous fluid accumulates in the shell of the testicles.
The result of this can be injury, heart failure, damage to the lymph nodes in the groin or in the pelvis.
There is an increase in the skin bag and the appearance of pain. It is diagnosed by simple probing, in special cases it is necessary to conduct an ultrasound. Removed during surgery.
Spermatocoele. An empty sac filled with sperm fluid is formed in the testicle and does not reach significant dimensions. The skin bag does not deform, it is not accompanied by pain. It can be emptied during ejaculation.
Tumors. Pain in the testicles can cause malignant tumors. Cryptorchidism can cause such a pathology. This disease occurs at birth, when the testicles do not descend into the skin pouch, but remain in the abdomen, where the temperature is much higher. As a result, tumors of different etiology arise.
Factors that cause tumors:
- genetic predisposition;
- testicular injury;
- underdevelopment of the testicles;
- surgical interventions;
- inability to conceive.
If you have been diagnosed with a malignant tumor, do not despair. Testicular cancer caught at an early stage can be cured quite effectively. That is why it is so important to consult a doctor immediately if you feel pain.
Testicles hurt: causes in men, children and diagnostic methods
When the testicles hurt, the causes in men can be caused by various diseases characteristic of adults, but in children the causes are often a little simpler.
Almost all pain that occurs is caused either by trauma or by wearing tight underwear. In addition to pain, there is scratching and irritation of the skin surface, swelling often occurs.
A bruised testicle most often occurs during an active and highly mobile game or during a child's quarrel, the child is hit in the scrotum. Bruising also occurs when riding a vehicle such as a bicycle (failure to land on a hard seat). When hit, pain occurs, the inner shell of the testicle is damaged, swelling occurs. The scrotum turns purple.
rotate about the axis. In a normal healthy state, the testicles are attached to the "outer" side inside the scrotum by so-called threads. In boys, it sometimes happens that the fastening is weak and therefore twisting occurs. By itself, a twisting of the vessels occurs, due to which the blood flow is first disturbed, and then it can completely stop.
There is a sharp sharp pain, the testicle swells, tactile touch leads to pain. This condition is accompanied by nausea and severe vomiting and cannot do without surgical intervention. In slightly older boys, the vas deferens, which is located on both sides of the testicles, can also be damaged.
The testicle swells, one side of the scrotum, redness appears, pain is felt during palpation. Mumps, in ordinary people mumps, in the form of a complication gives inflammation of the testicles. After treatment with a number of hormones, the risk of infertility is significantly reduced. Other diseases - dropsy, hernia in the groin, underdevelopment of the testicles, absence of one testicle in the scrotum. Sometimes young parents think that the child does not have a testicle.
They are absolutely there, just not where they should be, meaning not in the right place, not in the scrotum. During fetal development, the testicles are located near the kidneys. While the fetus grows and develops, they go down somehow and almost before birth they go down into the scrotum. Sometimes it happens that the testicles do not descend. This phenomenon is called cryptorchidism.
The disease does not cause any inconvenience or acute ailments, but a person who is already in adulthood due to such a disease can have such a terrible disease as infertility. Therefore, an operation is performed (until the child is six years old) - a testicle is lowered into the scrotum.
When the testicle remains inside the abdominal cavity, a neoplasm is possible there. What to do to avoid irreversible consequences. How is the problem treated? What are the solutions if the testicles hurt? The causes in men and children have been identified, now we need to understand the treatment. Initially, you should contact a highly qualified doctor and go through a number of diagnostic procedures.
The doctor examines the patient, questions and then sends for laboratory tests:
- I donate blood.
- Urine is given.
- In the presence of secretion from the head of the penis, a swab is made from the urethra.
- Mandatory ultrasound examination of the testicles.
Treatment is prescribed by a doctor depending on the cause of the pain.
Treatment of minor injuries, as well as bruises, is carried out at home under the supervision of a doctor, therapy includes:
- Taking drugs that relieve inflammation, anesthetize.
- The scrotum is raised.
- Ice is applied to the injury site.
- If the scrotum is torn due to a bruise, then blood accumulates inside, and therefore treatment is impossible without timely surgical intervention.
Epididymitis. Most often, outpatient treatment is carried out, but if the situation is particularly neglected and difficult, then hospitalization is indispensable.
Treatment:
- Reception for 14 days of antibacterial drugs.
- Taking drugs that relieve inflammation.
- Taking medication to relieve pain.
- Performing scrotal support.
- In case of complications, there is no way to do without surgery. What complication are we talking about? In particular, for the abscess of the scrotum.
Inguinal hernia is treated exclusively surgically.
If the patient agrees, then the treatment is carried out on an outpatient basis, but at the same time, the hernia, which is strangulated and causes pain in the lower back and lower abdomen, must be corrected surgically.
It does not matter how the cause caused the pain in the testicles, and therefore the treatment is carried out according to a doctor's prescription and strictly under medical supervision and supervision. You should not treat yourself, because the consequences can be irreversible, and a person will lose his normal sex life due to stupidity, as well as the possibility of becoming a parent and continuing his lineage. All diseases can be avoided.
To do this, do not forget about personal hygiene and follow simple rules:
- lead a healthy lifestyle;
- eat properly and balanced, follow the regime;
- be selective in sexual relations and remember to protect yourself;
- regular sex life is also a prevention of malignant tumors.
Check your testicles yourself more often. You can do this in the bath when the skin is relaxed from the warm water. Take the leather pouch in the palm of your hand, a testicle may be slightly larger but should weigh the same. Roll the testicle in your fingers, feel it. Check them for seals. Healthy testicles are elliptical in shape, not hard, smooth to the touch, without lumps.
Do this with both testicles. Carefully check the seed connections. They should be smooth and elastic. Check them on both testicles. Check the appendages at the back of the testicles. Small bumps should be soft and tender. If the disease still caught up with you, do not despair and do not panic. The main thing is to establish the correct diagnosis.